| Résumé: | This note analyzes data collected from 91 oil palm producers in the southeast of the Lacandon jungle. It begins by establishing the theoretical horizons for examining the cultural heterogeneity of the population, capitalist relations, before and during the incorporation of monoculture, and local uncertainty regarding its environmental impact. In addition, the notions of anchoring and coupling are proposed to study the internalization of this productive system as a relational but also as an economic, cultural and political process. Consequently, the cultural and political configuration in the area, the couplings at the level of domestic economies and local and regional power relations are discussed as aspects that enhance the understanding of the position occupied and assigned to the peasantry during the current momentum of agrarian capitalism.
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