| 總結: | This article identifies reasons, incentives, mechanisms and conditions to migrate to the United States for doing a PhD or postdoctoral fellowship in exact and natural sciences. The research is based on a qualitative strategy using forty semi-structured interviews. The evidence and systematic findings are presented in macro, micro and meso terms. They show the importance of: i) international asymmetry and the national situation, ii) academic incentives, and iii) heterogeneous frameworks of sociability. This article concludes with a typology of movements according to individuals' structure of opportunities.
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