| 總結: | The influence that images have acquired in all aspects of culture has not been adequately reflected in historical research. Most works still revolve around wrítten documents, while iconographic ones serve, at best, as simple illustrations.In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, photographic images broke with great strength into the structures designed for writing, such as newspapers, reviews and magazines, completing the universe of letters, and sometirnes even invading it. Photography was suppoed to build an exact and objective representation of reality, a testimony haloed by the prestige of science and the illusion of progress characteristic or late-eighteenth century Western societies.The beginning of this important process concurred and related very closely with a qualitative increase in the State's interest and concern for childhood, particulary visible in education, pedagogy, pediatry and child hygiene.This article sets forth and supports two lines of research that rescue, analyze and interpret a rich and meaningful iconographic documentation from newspapers, in relation with two concrete Mexico City childhood problems that required the Porfirian State's institutional action and that were somewhat complementary: the control and repression of childhood delinquency, and the civic recruiment and recovery of children as future citizens. While the first one proves how infantile bodies became study objects capable of offering scientific truths for their time, the second one opens a reflection on how the civic act of imagining the nineteenth-century citizens passed through a process of differentiating childhood as a key stage in the construction of new values.
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