| Résumé: | Thís work is about a scientific enterprise carried out by the Spanish Crown during the illustrated period, as a part of the expeditionary project to the overseas territories. It describes the details and circumstances in which the Botanical Expedition began, considering the prevailing intellectual environment at the time and the people who took a Ieading role in the cultural life of the incipient but vigorous New Spain scientific community. After describing this background, the author considers one of the Expedition's main results: the creation of Mexico City's Botanical Garden and Professorship in Botany, which was the first of its kind in the American continent and contributed toes establish the study of Botany and related sciences in New Spain.
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