| Resumo: | This article discusses the role of the Brazilian state in the development of the country’s cultural diplomacy, comparing moments in which a more assertive participation of the state is identified in the formulation of its guidelines, following the return of democracy to Brazil. The hypothesis proposed is that the governments of José Sarney (1985-1990) and Lula da Silva (2003-2010) constitute two moments of matrix transition in Brazilian foreign policy, in which the state took on a more dynamic role in the articulation of cultural diplomacy. Based on the bibliographic review of official records and specialized works, this analysis begins with a theoretical explanation of what is conceived as cultural diplomacy in Brazilian foreign policy, and continues with a comparison between the two periods of matrix transition, in the light of the state’s actions in shaping the country’s cultural diplomacy.
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