Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Mexico is currently at a stage of intermediate development, and is experiencing profound social, economic, political and demographic transformations. The changes in its population structure reveal a rapidly aging population together with financial insuff...
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| Format: | Online |
| Language: | Spanish |
| Editor: |
El Colegio de México A.C.
2000
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://estudiosdemograficosyurbanos.colmex.mx/index.php/edu/article/view/1088 |
| Journal: |
Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos |
| authentication_code | dc |
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| _version_ | 1844254971504099328 |
| author | Ham Chande, Roberto |
| author_facet | Ham Chande, Roberto |
| author_sort | Ham Chande, Roberto |
| category_str_mv |
"Bolivia", "hyperinflation", "economic crisis", "Bolivia", "hiperinflación", "crisis económica"
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| collection | OJS |
| description | At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Mexico is currently at a stage of intermediate development, and is experiencing profound social, economic, political and demographic transformations. The changes in its population structure reveal a rapidly aging population together with financial insufficiency and actuarial deficits in the social security systems. One challenge yet to be met are the vast requirements of retirement pensions. The social security system consists of various institutions covering various groups of workers: salaried workers from private companies, the public sector and decentralized firms. Over half the economically active population is completely excluded: these include farm workers and the informal sector with the least resources. A mere 24% of the population over 60 draws some sort of retirement pension, most of which are quite inadequate. Social security institutes have experienced deficiencies due to the country's economic and social problems. Various projections envisage sharp imbalances in two main areas; between active and retired workers and between the cost of maintaining retirees and the income obtained from salaries. These perspectives mean that modifications must be considered. The main change has occurred in the IMSS, which covers salaried workers in the private sector. It has shifted from a system of defined benefits to a system of defined contributions. This system will be unable to achieve an adequate percentage of salary replacement and most future pensions will be set at the minimum guaranteed level. This guaranteed level is paid for by public finances, which, together with the costs of transition, entail a vast burden for both those enrolled in the social security system and non-enrollees. In terms of economic activation, given the current internal savings of the social security system, the country's economy will be unable to convert these funds into productive investment. The problem warrants political, economic and social attention, together with long-term vision. |
| format | Online |
| id | oai:oai.estudiosdemograficosyurbanos.colmex.mx:article-1088 |
| index_str_mv | CONAHCYT LATINDEX PKP Index DOAJ DORA Redalyc Scielo México CLASE Handbook of Latin American Studies (HLAS) JSTOR Dialnet Sociological Abstracts EBSCO Host HAPI HELA Scopus Ulrich’s International Periodicals Directory CIRC CSA Worldwide Political Science Abstracts Google Scholar IBSS Biblat Current Abstracts Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek Frei zugängliche Emerging Sources Citation Index de Web of Science IBZ Gale OneFile: Informe Académico Journal Scholar Metrics (EC3 Research Group: Evaluación de la Ciencia y la Comunicación Científica. Universidad de Granada) Periodicals Index Online CARHUS Plus de la Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) CiteFactor Directory Indexing of International Research Journals IBR International Bibliography of Sociology Matriu d’Infomació per l’Avaluació de Revistas (MIAR) Open access digital library. Colorado Alliance of Research Libraries PAIS International Political Science Complete PubMed Social Services Abstracts SocINDEX SocINDEX with Full Text TOC Premier Europe PMC HEAL-Link Hellenic Academic Libraries Link MECS (México Ciencias Sociales) Population Index on the Web Population Information Online Portal de Periódicos de la Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES/MEC) Portal de Periódicos da CAPES |
| journal | Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos |
| language | spa |
| publishDate | 2000 |
| publisher | El Colegio de México A.C. |
| record_format | ojs |
| Terms_governing_use_and_reproduction_note | Derechos de autor 2000 Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
| data_source_entry/ISSN | Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos; Vol. 15 No. 3 (2000): 45, September-December; 613-639 Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos; Vol. 15 Núm. 3 (2000): 45, septiembre-diciembre; 613-639 2448-6515 0186-7210 |
| spelling | oai:oai.estudiosdemograficosyurbanos.colmex.mx:article-10882024-07-05T00:56:31Z Pension Schemes and the Outlook for Social Security Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social Ham Chande, Roberto seguridad social sistema de pensiones At the beginning of the twenty-first century, Mexico is currently at a stage of intermediate development, and is experiencing profound social, economic, political and demographic transformations. The changes in its population structure reveal a rapidly aging population together with financial insufficiency and actuarial deficits in the social security systems. One challenge yet to be met are the vast requirements of retirement pensions. The social security system consists of various institutions covering various groups of workers: salaried workers from private companies, the public sector and decentralized firms. Over half the economically active population is completely excluded: these include farm workers and the informal sector with the least resources. A mere 24% of the population over 60 draws some sort of retirement pension, most of which are quite inadequate. Social security institutes have experienced deficiencies due to the country's economic and social problems. Various projections envisage sharp imbalances in two main areas; between active and retired workers and between the cost of maintaining retirees and the income obtained from salaries. These perspectives mean that modifications must be considered. The main change has occurred in the IMSS, which covers salaried workers in the private sector. It has shifted from a system of defined benefits to a system of defined contributions. This system will be unable to achieve an adequate percentage of salary replacement and most future pensions will be set at the minimum guaranteed level. This guaranteed level is paid for by public finances, which, together with the costs of transition, entail a vast burden for both those enrolled in the social security system and non-enrollees. In terms of economic activation, given the current internal savings of the social security system, the country's economy will be unable to convert these funds into productive investment. The problem warrants political, economic and social attention, together with long-term vision. Al entrar al siglo XXI México se encuentra en una etapa de desarrollo intermedio, experimentando profundas transformaciones sociales, económicas, políticas y demográficas. Los cambios demográficos muestran un rápido envejecimiento de su población aunado a insuficiencia financiera y déficit actuariales en los sistemas de seguridad social. Así, un reto a enfrentar son los grandes requerimientos por pensiones de retiro. El sistema de seguridad social está compuesto por varias instituciones que cubren grupos diferentes de trabajadores: asalariados de compañías privadas, del servicio público y de empresas descentralizadas. Más de la mitad de la población económicamente activa queda del todo excluida; éstos son los trabajadores del campo y el sector informal de menores recursos. Apenas 24% de la población mayor de 60 años tiene algún tipo de pensión de retiro, y en su mayoría los estipendios son raquíticos. Los institutos de seguridad social presentan deficiencias producto de los problemas económicos y sociales del país. Bajo distintos escenarios de proyección, aparecen como inevitables grandes desbalances en dos cocientes importantes: entre trabajadores activos y pensionados, entre costos de las jubilaciones e ingresos por salarios. Estas perspectivas obligan a pensar en modificaciones. El principal cambio se ha hecho en el IMSS, el cual cubre a los asalariados urbanos del sector privado. Se ha pasado del sistema de beneficios definidos al de contribuciones definidas. Este sistema no logrará un porcentaje adecuado de reemplazo del salario y las pensiones futuras estarán en su mayoría en el nivel mínimo garantizado. Este nivel de garantía corre a cargo de las finanzas públicas, lo cual aunado a los costos de transición significan una gran carga tanto para los afiliados a la seguridad social como para los no afiliados. En términos de activación económica se puede asegurar que con el ahorro interno de la seguridad social, la economía del país no está adaptada para convertir esos recursos en inversión productiva. El problema merece atención política, económica y social con visión a largo plazo. El Colegio de México A.C. 2000-09-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Research Article Artículo de investigación evaluado por pares application/pdf https://estudiosdemograficosyurbanos.colmex.mx/index.php/edu/article/view/1088 10.24201/edu.v15i3.1088 Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos; Vol. 15 No. 3 (2000): 45, September-December; 613-639 Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos; Vol. 15 Núm. 3 (2000): 45, septiembre-diciembre; 613-639 2448-6515 0186-7210 spa https://estudiosdemograficosyurbanos.colmex.mx/index.php/edu/article/view/1088/1081 Derechos de autor 2000 Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
| spellingShingle | seguridad social sistema de pensiones Ham Chande, Roberto Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social |
| title | Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social |
| title_alt | Pension Schemes and the Outlook for Social Security |
| title_full | Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social |
| title_fullStr | Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social |
| title_short | Sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social |
| title_sort | sistemas de pensiones y perspectivas de la seguridad social |
| topic | seguridad social sistema de pensiones |
| topic_facet | seguridad social sistema de pensiones |
| url | https://estudiosdemograficosyurbanos.colmex.mx/index.php/edu/article/view/1088 |
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