| Résumé: | This article aims to explore the problem of forced sterilization of indigenous people, from the perspective of political sociology and intersecting with medical anthropology, gender studies, and human rights. Its methodology firstly uses a case study of indigenous men’s sterilizations in Mexico and secondly an analysis of documents to construct a comparative theoretical case, based on sterilizations in Peru, with both situations occurring in the 1990s. The main finding is that forced sterilization, although in large part a population control policy particularly in the case of the indigenous population, also relates to the State's militarized counterinsurgency measures to combat the widespread guerrilla activity in Latin America during that period.
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