| Resumo: | This paper discusses the demography of a parish of colonial Mexico, Santa Maria de la Presentación de Chilapa, during the last quarter of the eighteenth century, through an analysis of parish records of the time and the Bucareli census.First, an estimate is made of the population and of the breakdown of that population, by sex, age, and marital status. On the basis of those estimates and information from parish records, some indicators are calculated in order to describe the corresponding demographic profile. The demographic information obtained is then related to historical and anthropological data. The analysis adds to our understanding of the demographic behavior during the colonial era and confirms what has been pointed out in other studies about the slow but gradual recovery of the population of colonial Mexico, decidedly immersed in epidemics and famines that caused periods of high growth as well as other periods of no population growth.
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