| Summary: | Music theory is an essential aspect of religious, theological, philosophical, and literary thought in India. “Śruti” is a core concept in studies on Indian musicology, and this article presents an introductory analysis divided into three main interconnected topics: the antecedents of the śruti concept in the sāman song, the composition of the śruti (microtone) in ancient India’s musical system and, finally, the presentation of a hypothetical reconstruction of the primary scales originated of the Bharata tonal system. Indian musical theory shows a theoretical process of constants and variables, as well as ruptures and continuity in its historical development.
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